Beginner LevelLaravel
How does HTTP Middleware intercept requests and responses in Laravel?
❓ Interview Prompt: Explain HTTP Middleware, the request/response pipeline, handle() method, and global vs route middleware.
Middleware provides a convenient mechanism for inspecting and filtering HTTP requests entering your application.
Pipeline Flow:
Request $ ightarrow$ Middleware 1 $ ightarrow$ Middleware 2 $ ightarrow$ Controller Action $ ightarrow$ Response $ ightarrow$ Middleware 2 $ ightarrow$ Middleware 1 $ ightarrow$ Client.
Common Use Cases:
Authentication validation ('auth'), CSRF verification, rate limiting ('throttle'), and CORS header injection.
Code Implementation Example
php
<?php
namespace AppHttpMiddleware;
use Closure;
use IlluminateHttpRequest;
use SymfonyComponentHttpFoundationResponse;
class EnsureUserIsAdmin
{
public function handle(Request $request, Closure $next): Response
{
if (! $request->user()?->is_admin) {
abort(403, 'Unauthorized access.');
}
return $next($request);
}
}💡Custom Laravel HTTP Middleware checking admin privileges.
🎯 Interview Key Takeaway
Middleware wraps route execution to perform request validation, authentication, and response transformation.
#Middleware#Request Pipeline#HTTP#Beginner
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